Chapter 12 Study Guide
1.
In
1824, regional differences
led to a fierce fight over the presidency.
2.
In
the election of 1824 Jackson
won the most popular votes but did not have a majority of electoral votes.
3.
John Quincy Adams, then won the election of 1824 in the House
of Representatives.
4.
Jackson
felt that in the election of 1824 John Quincy Adams made a corrupt bargain with Henry Clay.
5.
Spreading
political power to all the people became known as Jacksonian democracy.
6.
The
expansion of voting rights
helped Jackson achieve an overwhelming win in the election of 1828.
7.
Jackson earned the nickname
“Old Hickory,” after a soldier claimed that he was” tough as hickory.”
8.
Since
the 1600s white settlers had pushed Native Americans westward.
9.
Sequoya invented a Cherokee
writing system of 86 characters.
10.
Jackson
believed that the government had the right to regulate where Native Americans could live.
11.
Jackson
asked Congress to pass a law
that would require Native Americans to either move west or submit to state
laws.
12.
At
Jackson’s urging Congress passed the Indian
Removal Act in 1830.
13.
The
area where the Native Americans were relocated came to be called the Indian Territory.
14.
Chief
Justice John Marshall ruled that only the federal
government, not the states, could make laws governing the Cherokees.
15.
In
1828, 16,000 Cherokees were forced to go on a harsh journey from their homeland
to the west. This became known as the Trail
of Tears.
16.
One
of the most important Seminole leaders in the war was Osceloa.
17.
Northerners supported high
tariffs because they made imported goods more expensive than American-made
goods, helping manufacturers.
18.
In
1828, Congress passed a bill that significantly raised the tariffs.
19.
Southerners
hated the tariff and called it the Tariff
of Abominations.
20.
A
state, Calhoun said, a state had the right to nullify or reject, a federal law
that it considers unconstitutional.
21.
Andrew
Jackson made it clear that he opposed the doctrine of nullification.
22. In 1830 Robert Y. Hayne, and Daniel Webster
argued over the doctrine of nullification in the famous Webster-Hayne debate.
23. South Carolina’s
leaders threatened secession, or withdrawal from the Union, if
the federal government tried to collect tariffs.
24. Henry Clay came forward with a
compromise tariff in 1833, South Carolina stayed in the Union.
25.
Hero
of the battle of Tippecanoe who became the Whig candidate for president. William
Henry Harrison
26. Stated that the U.S.
opposed any further European colonization in the Americans Monroe
Doctrine
27.
Rewarding
one’s own supporters with political jobs. Spoils System
28.
Unofficial
group of Jackson’s advisors. Kitchen Cabinet
29.
relating to or characteristic of one portion
of the country. Sectionalism
30.
Feeling
of identify or pride towards one’s country Nationalism
31.
Period
of a somewhat short and moderated decline in general business activity. Recession
32. a period of an
especially long or severe decline in general business activity. Depression
33. Refusal or rejection by a U.S. state to
recognize a federal law. Nullification
List the first 8
presidents in order by full name.