Chapter 14 Study Guide

 

1. In 1845, a disease attacked the potato, causing a severe food shortage in this country. Ireland.

2. A negative opinion that is not based on facts is called a prejudice.

3. Native-born Americans who wanted to eliminate foreign influence called themselves Navitist .

4. Nativists started a political party called the- Know-Nothing Party.

5. The Know-Nothing Party wanted to ban Catholics and the  foreign-born from holding office.

6. As a young man, Washington Irving published articles that made fun of society in the early 1800s.

7. Rip Van Wrinkle tells of a man that wakes up after a 20-year nap to find everything changed.

8. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow wrote many poems that retold stories from history, for example, “Paul Revere’s Ride.”

9. Asher Durand was a founder of the Hudson River school of painting, his best known work, Kindred Spirits.

10. Albert Bierstadt produced huge paintings that convey the majesty of the American landscape.

11. Ralph Waldo Emerson  urged Americans develop their own beliefs. 

12. Henry David Thoreau moved to a simple cabin said that people should live by their own individual standards.

13. Emerson and Thoreau belonged to a group of thinkers with a new philosophy called transcendentalist..

14. Poet Walt Whitman published Leaves of Grass, a book that changed American poetry.

15. Nathanial Hawthorne wrote The Scarlet Letter which depicted love, guilt, and revenge during Puritan time. 

16. Herman Melville wrote exciting novels about his experiences as a sailor, published his masterpiece, Moby Dick.

17. The Temperance movement is a campaign to stop the drinking of alcohol.

18. A Labor Union is a group of workers who band together to seek better working conditions.

19. Horace Mann worked to improve education in the United States and founded American Public Education.

20. Dorothea Dix, was a reformer for the mentally Ill.        .

21. The Shakers were a religious group that believed people should lead holy lives in communities where they did not marry.

22. Two famous abolitionists from the South were sisters Sarah and Angelina Grimke who had grown up on a plantation. 

23. John Adams defended a group of Africans who had rebelled on the slave ship Amistad.    .

24. Sojourner Truth a famous abolitionist fled owners and went to live with Quakers who set her free.

25. Abolitionists are those that wanted to end slavery.

26. A series of above ground escape routes for slaves from the South to the North was known as the Underground Railroad.

27. Harriet Tubman, was a conductor on the Underground Railroad, made 19 dangerous journeys to free enslaved persons. 

28. In 1848 Stanton and Mott held the Seneca Falls Convention for women’s rights in Seneca Falls, New York.

29. Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott helped advance the women’s movement.

30. The Seneca Falls Convention created a declaration for women’s rights called the Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions.

31. The scientist Maria Mitchell fought for women’s equality by helping to found the Association for the Advancement of Women.

32. Susan B. Anthony was a skilled organizer who worked in the temperance and antislavery movements. 

33. The 13th amendment to the constitution ended slavery in America.