Ch 3 Study Guide

1. The financial drain due to the British economic system of mercantilism was one of the main causes of the Revolution.

2. The Americas received their name from a German mapmaker who named the continent after Amerigo Vespucci.

3. The movement of plants, animals, and diseases between hemispheres is the Columbian Exchange.   

4. The voyage that carried captured Africans to the Americas for use as slaves was known as the middle passage. 

5. The first permanent English Colony was Jamestown Virginia founded in 1607.

6. The first representative assembly in the American colonies was known as the House of Burgesses.

7. The agreement written by the Pilgrims that provided for self-government was called the Mayflower Compact. p. 77

8. The Plymouth colony was established primarily by settlers who wanted religious freedom.

9. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut was a constitution that some Puritan colonists wrote to govern themselves. 

10. The defeat of the Spanish Armada led England to begin directing its resources toward colonization of the Americas. P. 69

11. Richard Hakluyt urged England to start colonies in the Americas to provide markets for England's goods. P.70

12. Joint-stock companies were a good way of financing new colonies in North America P.70

13. The English named their first colony on the North American continent Roanoke, but it failed when all the colonists mysteriously disappeared. P 70

14. Food shortages were a significant factor in the failure of the colony at Roanoke. P 70

15. In order to set up a colony, organizers had to first obtain a charter from England's monarch. P. 71

16. Jamestown was financed by joint-stock companies. P 71

17. Jamestown founded in 1607 became the Virginia Colony. P 71

18. John Smith was a soldier and adventurer who is known for the phrase “He that will not work shall not eat.” P 71

19. The London Company falsely told settlers that Jamestown would be rich in gold as an incentive to attract settlers to the colony. P 71

20. Lord De La Warr imposed discipline on the settlers at Jamestown in order to end the "starving time". P. 72

21. Indentured servants were men and women who sold their labor to a person that would finance their passage to the colonies. P.72

22. Poor European colonists became indentured servants in exchange for the cost of their passage to America. P 72

23. The first representative assembly in the American colonies was known as the House of Burgesses. P. 72

24. At first the English at Jamestown were helped by a Native American people called the Powhatan, but relations worsened when the colonists demanded more land. P. 72

25. Bacon's Rebellion and King Phillip's War were fought because colonists wanted more Native American land. P 73

26. The Pilgrims were a Separatist group. P. 76

27. In 1620, a ship called the Mayflower arrived off Cape Cod on the Massachusetts coast and founded the Plymouth Colony. P 77

28. Sometime in the fall the Plymouth settlement celebrated the first Thanksgiving by holding a three-day feast. P. 77

29. The Great Migration was the movement of the Puritans from England to new settlements. P.78

30. The New England Way was a set of beliefs that was central to Puritan life and society and stressed godliness, education, hard work, and honesty. P 79

31. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut was a constitution that some Puritan colonists wrote to govern themselves. P. 79

32. Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson both were Puritans who questioned Puritan beliefs and practices. P 79

33. Anne Hutchinson was expelled from Massachusetts Colony for her beliefs. P 79

34. A colony that guaranteed religious freedom was Rhode Island, which was founded by Roger Williams.

35. King Philip's War erupted when colonists demanded more land from Native Americans. P. 80

36. The Salem Witchcraft Trials began when, pretending to be bewitched, a few young girls falsely accused others of witchcraft. P. 80

37. Religious freedom attracted many groups, including Catholics, Quakers, and Jews to the Middle Colonies. P 84

38. To attract more colonists to New Netherland, the patroon system offered a land grant to any person who brought 50 settlers to the colony. P. 85

39. Peter Stuyvesant surrendered New Netherland, later renamed New York, to the English P. 85

40. New Netherland became the proprietary colony of New York, because the Duke of York became the owner of the colony. P. 85

41. Proprietary colonies were under private ownership. P. 85

42. William Penn founded the colony that came to be called Pennsylvania. P. 85

43. William Penn established Pennsylvania as a colony where Quakers could live according to their beliefs that all people could enjoy religious freedom. P. 86

44. One of the unusual attributes of life in Pennsylvania was that Native Americans were treated as equals. P. 86

45. New Jersey and Delaware offered religious freedom to settlers. P 86

46. The Appalachian Mountains bordered the Southern and Middles Colonies in the west. P. 86

47. Lord Baltimore established Maryland in 1632 for Roman Catholics fleeing persecution in England. P 86

48. James Oglethorpe founded Georgia as a refuge for debtors. P 87

49. The English government wanted to use the Georgia colony as a military outpost P. 87

50. Royal Colonies were ruled under the King. P. 87